By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Life Science Weekly — From Alexandria, Virginia, NewsRx journalists report that a patent by the inventors Studzinski, William M. (Shelby Township, MI); Cummings, Jill M. (Byron, MI), filed on March 20, 2012, was published online on July 1, 2014 (see also GM Global Technology Operations LLC).
The patent’s assignee for patent number 8764854 is GM Global Technology Operations LLC (Detroit, MI).
News editors obtained the following quote from the background information supplied by the inventors: “During operation of internal combustion engines, the hot surfaces of the components can be exposed to many gases and liquids including the fuel composition, lubricating fluids, combustion byproducts, and so forth. If undesirable deposits or sludge forms on such components as a result of this operation, the engine performance can be negatively affected. For example, deposits on fuel injectors can undesirably obstruct or plug metering holes of the injector tip. Likewise, deposits on intake valves can reduce optimal engine performance.
“Accordingly, as the fuel composition can affect the level of such deposit formation or fouling, much effort continues to be put forth in the industry in an attempt to develop fuel composition detergent additives capable of controlling, reducing, or eliminating such fouling formation.
“However, in order to test the effectiveness of such detergent additives for fuel compositions, repeatable deposit build-up reference fuel compositions are needed. A reference fuel composition is a fuel composition that repeatedly and consistently can create deposits in an engine during testing. This is sometimes referred to as ‘dirty-up’ fuel in the industry. The effectiveness of various detergent additives added to the reference fuel composition to reduce deposits can then be evaluated, compared, and optimized. Moreover, having a consistent carbon deposit producing ‘dirty-up’ reference fuel composition also can advantageously enable the evaluation of new engine hardware components and calibration systems. Also, in recent years, several automobile manufacturers jointly created a voluntary deposit control standard for gasoline with a goal to define a new class of commercial gasoline with enhanced detergency termed TOP TIER Detergent Gasoline. Thus, the TOP TIER Detergent Gasoline program also would benefit from the development of such consistent reference fuel compositions.
“Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a reference fuel composition useful for, for example, evaluating gasoline detergent additives and/or engine hardware.”
As a supplement to the background information on this patent, NewsRx correspondents also obtained the inventors’ summary information for this patent: “In one exemplary embodiment, a deposit-forming reference fuel composition comprises a high sulfur base fuel composition in an amount greater than 50 weight % based on total weight % of the deposit-forming reference fuel composition, wherein the high sulfur base fuel composition comprises greater than or equal to 200 ppm sulfur based on total sulfur content of the base fuel composition. The deposit-forming reference fuel composition also comprises a reactive diolefin dopant, and a reaction initiating peroxide. The reaction initiating peroxide has an active oxygen content greater than or equal to 2 weight % based on total oxygen content of the reaction initiating peroxide and a half-life temperature of 80.degree. C. to 200.degree. C. The deposit-forming reference fuel composition is free from a detergent additive and has a concentration ratio of greater than 1:1 for the reactive diolefin dopant to the reaction initiating peroxide.
“In another embodiment, a method of making a deposit-forming reference fuel composition comprises preparing a high sulfur base fuel composition in an amount greater than 50 weight % based on total weight % of the deposit-forming reference fuel composition, wherein the high sulfur base fuel composition comprises greater than or equal to 200 ppm sulfur based on total sulfur content of the base fuel composition. The method further comprises adding to the base fuel composition: a) a reactive diolefin dopant, and b) a reaction initiating peroxide having an active oxygen content greater than or equal to 2 weight % based on total oxygen content of the reaction initiating, and having a half-life temperature of 80.degree. C. to 200.degree. C. The reactive diolefin dopant and the reaction initiating peroxide are added in a concentration ratio of greater than 1:1.
“In a further embodiment, a fuel composition comprises a high sulfur base fuel composition in an amount greater than 50 weight % based on total weight % of the fuel composition, wherein the high sulfur base fuel composition comprises greater than or equal to 200 ppm sulfur based upon total sulfur content of the base fuel composition. The fuel composition also comprises a reactive diolefin dopant comprising a cyclic diolefin; and a reaction initiating alkyl peroxide with an active oxygen content greater than or equal to 2 weight % based on total oxygen content of the reaction initiating peroxide and a half-life temperature of greater than or equal to 90.degree. C. The fuel composition has a concentration ratio of greater than 1:1 for the reactive diolefin dopant to the reaction initiating peroxide.
“The above features and other features are readily apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.”
For additional information on this patent, see: Studzinski, William M.; Cummings, Jill M.. Reference Fuel Composition. U.S. Patent Number 8764854, filed March 20, 2012, and published online on July 1, 2014. Patent URL: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=8764854.PN.&OS=PN/8764854RS=PN/8764854
Keywords for this news article include: Sulfur, Peroxides, Chalcogens, Detergents, Electrolytes, Inorganic Chemicals, Surface-Active Agents, Reactive Oxygen Species, GM Global Technology Operations LLC.
Our reports deliver fact-based news of research and discoveries from around the world. Copyright 2014, NewsRx LLC
Read Next
